Multispeed transmission



Aug. 6, 1935. A. D. ROBBINS 2, 0,

MULTISPEED TRANSMISSION filed July 26, 1933 7 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR m wwwfimw b ATTORNEYS Aug. 6, 1935. A D RQBBINS 2,010,161

MULTISPEED TRANSMISSION Filed July 26, 1933 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR ms ATTORNEYS Aug. 6, 1935. A. n. ROBBINS 2,010,151

' 1 HULTISPEED TRANSMISSION 7. Filed July 26, 1935 7 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR flzarlfiabhlrw,

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Ml J LTISPEED TRANSMISSION Filed July 26, 1933 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 IINVENTOR 147 gfiTZRNEYS Aug. 6, 1935. A, ROBBINS 2,010,161

MULTISPEED TRANSMISSION Filed July 26, 1953 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 Fzya lNVENTOR ATTORNEYS Aug. 6, 1935. A. D. ROBBINS 2,010,161

MULTISPEED TRANSMISSION Filed July 26, 1955 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 INVENTOR flzar I. jYabh'mS',

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nim'rrsrnsn mmsuss'xon Filed July 26, 1933 7 Sheets-Sheet INVEN'IJOR s wg w 115 ATTORNEYS PaenaaAu is. 1935 r 2,010,161

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE MULTISPEED TRANSMISSION Azor D. Robbins, Highland Park, N. J., assignor to International Motor Company, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Application July 26, 193:3, SerialNo. 682,241 11 Claims. (Cl. 14-333) The present invention relates to transmissions Figure is a detail view in elevation, showing for motor vehicles and embodies, more speciflcalthe sliding clutch utilized in the mechanism ly, an improved transmission construction by shown in Figure 3. means of which a predetermined desired number Figure 6 is a view in side elevation showing the 5- of speed changes maybe eifected with greater clutch of Fig. 5.

simplicity and interchangeability of parts' than Figure '7 is a view also similar to Fig. 1, showpossible with speed change mechanisms now ing a further modification of the invention. available. Figure 8 is a view similar to Figure 1, showing One commbn way in which more than three a further modification of the invention,

speeds are afforded in vehicle transmissions is Figure 9 is a sectional view, showing another 10 to provide an auxiliary transmission which not form of transmission mechanism in which the only increases the length of the driving units invention maybe incorporated. but also necessitates additional supporting mech- Figure 10 is a view in section, taken on the line anism on the frame. Ill-40 of Figure 1, and looking in the direction To avoid the necessity of using auxiliary of the arrows. I 4 15 transmissions and thus save the room required Figure 11 is a view in section showing a form oi. thereby, as well as the additional supporting the invention utilizing the clutch features of Figstructure therefor, the present invention has ure 3 with the countershaft features of Fi e been designed and an object of the invention Figure 1 illustrates the preferred form of the is to provide an improved multi-speed transmisinvention, wherein e drive Shaft ii is provided 20 sion, the parts of which are simple of construcwith a gear 31 in addition 110 a a 3. I a dition and of such nature that certain of the parts on to t c u t fifluhtershafii 3 is may be readily interchanged, thus facilitating prov d p which a gear 39 is secured- Q1 standardization of the mechanism. 39 is in constant mesh with 86 1. and thus A further object of the invention is to provide countershafts 38 and i a e co sta t y ro by "25 a device of the characterabove referred to the driving shaf A gear cluster is spiihed wherein the overall length of the transmission the countershaft 38 and includes gea 4 42 mechanism is shortened substantially over exand 43. isting designs. Countershaft i5 is provided with a gear 44, 80 A further object of the invention is to provide w ch s l ur thereon ail 45 and is provided a transmission mechanism of the above charwith clutch teeth 46 to enga e Clutch teeth acter which utilizes relatively short and rigid 119 gear W A gear 48 is spiihed t0 the driven shaftsupon which the transmission gears are shaft 2| and is provided with clutch teeth 48 1 supported, the mechanism being light in weight wh ch a e dapt d to e a t ciuiifih ee 3 and shifted with great facility. upon the driving gear I3. Gear 48 is also pro- 35 A further object of the invention is to provide V d with internal clutch teeth 50 which are a multi-speed transmission construction of the pt engage external cluiiflh teeth above character wherein only one lever is utilized f d D the gear to effect the gear changes instead of two levers A v se oun e sh ft 52 s iou na ed i the as now commonly used. transmission and is provided with a gear cluster 40 Further objects of the invention will appear including gears 54 and hereinafter as it is described in greater detail in The transmission p d afforded by the connection with the accompanying drawings, struction shown in Figure 1 areas follows. The wherein-- lowest speed of the transmission is ailorded when 5 Figure 1 is a view in section taken through a gear it engages gear 24 to drive the driven shaft transmission constructed in accordance with the 2| from the constantly driven countershaft 38. present invention and showing the gears by The second speed is afforded when gear 43 en means of which the speed change is effected. gages gear 48. When gear i8 engages gear 2C,

Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1, showthe third transmission speed is provided, and a ing a modified form of the invention. fourth speed is obtained by moving the clutch ll 50 Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 1, showinto engagement with clutch teeth 46, thus driving a further modification of the invention. ing the constant mesh gears 44 aiid 48 from the Figure 4 is a detail view in elevation, showing. countershaft IS. A direct drive or fifth speed one of the gears of the transmission which is is afforded when clutch teeth 48 and 36 are in 5 mounted upon the driven shaft of Fig. 3. engagement, and a sixth speed or over-drive is 5 afforded when clutch teeth 50 and 5| are in engagement transmitting the drive from the constantly running countershaft l5 to gear 26 on the driven shaft.

The reverse speeds obtainable by the construction shown in Figure 1 are as follows. Sliding the gear cluster including gears 53, 54 and 55 to the right,as viewed in the drawings, brings gear 53 into engagement with gear 24 thereby obtaining a low reverse speed. In this position the gears 42 and 55 are in engagement and the drive is taken from the countershaft 38 through gears 42 and 55, gears 53 and 24 to the driven shaft. Sliding the gears on the reverse countershaft in the opposite direction, affords a high speed reverse by engaging gear 55 with gear 48. In this position the gears 48 and 55 receive the drive from countershaft 38 through gears 43 and 54. I

In the construction shown in Figure 2, a modification of the construction shown in Figure l is embodied. In this construction three of the speeds are obtained by clutch engagements, these speeds being the ones most used. The low speed is obtained by engaging Bears l8 and 24, as in the construction shown in Figure 1. The second speed is obtained by engaging clutch teeth 43 and 41 to'drive the driven shaft 2| through gears 44 and 48. Direct drive is obtained by engaging clutch teeth 36 and 49, and the overspeed or fourth change is secured by engaging clutch teeth 50 and 51.

With reference to Figures 3, 4, 5 and 6, a transmission housing isshown at In and has a driving shaft journaled therein by means of bearings |2.. Secured to the driving shaft I is a driving gear l3, which is in constant mesh with a gear l4 secured to countershaft I5. countershaft I5 is journaled in the housing l0 by means of bearings l6 and is splined at l1 to slidably mount a gear cluster consisting of gears", l9 and 20.

Coaxially with the driving shaft isa driven shaft 2|, which is joumale'd at 22 in the housing Hi. The driven shaft 2| is journaled at 23 within the gear l3 and has secured thereto a gear 24 which is adapted to be engaged by gear IS on the countershaft l5. J ournaled upon the driven shaft 2| by means of bearings 25 is a gear 26, which is adapted to be engaged by the gear I 9 and is pro- 3 vided with internal clutch teeth 21.

Upon the end of the driven shaft 2| adjacent bearing 23 is secured a sleeve 28 upon which a gear 29 is formed. Gear 29 is adapted to be engaged by the gear 20 and is formed with apertures 30 through which the clutch arms 3| are adapted to move. The clutch arms 3| are formed upon a sleeve 32 which is splined at 33 to the sleeve 28, and are formed with external clutch teeth 34, which are adapted to engage the inter nal teeth 21.. The sleeve 32 is further provided with external clutch teeth 35 which are adapted to engage internal clutch teeth 36 formed upon the gear l3.

The foregoing mechanism functions as follows,

to afford four forward speeds. The first or low speed is obtained by engaging gear IS with gear '24, thus transmitting the drive from the driving and I4, gears l8 and shaft H through gears l3 24, to the driven shaft 2|. Second or intermediate speed is provided by engaging gear 20 with gear 29 and direct drive is secured by engaging clutch teeth 35 with clutch teeth 36. A fourth or over-speed is secured by engaging clutch teeth 34 with clutch teeth 21, thus transmitting the drive from countershaft l5 through gears l9 and 28, to the driven shaft 2|.

It will be noted that the foregoing construction, as well as the remainder of the constructions described herein, utilizes at least two gears upon the driven shaft of the transmission mechanism.

In the construction shown in Figure 7, a fivespeed transmission is illustrated in which the driven shaft 2| is provided with spaced gears 24 and 62. Countershaft I5 is driven from the driving shaft II in the manner described in connection with the construction shown in Figure 5. Clutch teeth 35 and 36 serve to provide a direct connection between the driving and driven shafts.

countershaft 38 is driven from the driving shaft vlded, only one main'drive pinion being utilized.

The drive pinion is shown at l3 and corresponds to the same element described in connection with the previous modifications. In constant mesh with this pinion are gears l4 and 56 upon countershafts I5 and 51 respectively. countershaft l5 and driven shaft2| are provided with the same elements as in the construction shown in Figure l, and countershaft 51 is provided with a gear cluster including a; gear 58 which is adapted to engage with gear 24 to provide the low or first speed of the transmission. The reverse countershaft 52 is rovided with a gear cluster including a gear 59 which is adapted to be moved into engagement with gear 48. In constant mesh are gears 60 and 6| upon countershafts 51 and 52' respectively.

The construction shown in Figure 9 illustrates a form of the invention wherein one of the countershafts is utilized in connection with both forward and reverse drives. .The driven shaft 2| is similar in construction to the corresponding element in Figure 7 and countershaft I5 and clutch elements 35 and 36 are likewise similar to the corresponding elements of Figure 7. Counter shaft 65, however, is provided with a splined extension 66 upon which Gear cluster comprising. gears 68 and 69 is slidably mounted upon the countershaft 65 and 24 and 52 upon the is provided a gear 61 is slidable.

An idler gear 12 ing clutch construction of Figure 3 has been embodied in the transmission of- Figure '7. The reference characters used for this construction are the same as those used for the corresponding elements of Figures 3 and 7 and a. detailed description of this figure unnecessary.

While the invention has been described specifically in connection with the drawings above referred to, it is not to be limited save as defined by the appended claims. I

I claim as my invention:

is, therefore, believed 1. A transmission having a driving and a co-- axial driven shaft, a countershaft driven by the driving shaft, a gear fixedly secured to the driven shaft, a gear journaled on the driven shaft. a gear shiftable on the driven shaft, a gear journaled on the countershaft and constantly engaging the shiftable'gear on the driven shaft,

a gear shiftable on the countershaft and adapted to engage the fixed gear on the driven shaft, a second gear shiftable on the countershaft and constantly engaging the gear journaled on the driven shaft, means adapted to clutch the journaled gears to their respective shafts and a clutch adapted to engage the driving and driven shafts.

2. A transmission having a driving and a coaxial driven shaft, a countershaft driven by the driving shaft, a gear journaled on the driven shaft, a gear shiftable on the driven shaft, a gear iournaledon the countershaft and constantly engaging the shiftable gear on the driven shaft, a gear shiftable on the countershaft and constantly engaging the gear journaled on'the driven shaft, a clutch carried by the shiftable gear on the countershaft and adapted to engage the gear journaled on the countershaft, a clutch carried'by the shiftable gear on the driven shaft and adapted to engage the gear journaled on the driven shaft, a second clutch carried by said shiftable gear on the driven shaft and adapted to engage the driving shaft.

3. A transmission having a driving and a coaxial driven shaft, a countershaft driven by the driving shaft, a gear fixedly secured to the driven shaft, a gear journaled on the countershaft, a gear slidable on the countershaft and adapted to engage the fixed gear on thedriven shaft, said slidable gear having a clutch adapted to engage the gear Journaled on the countershaft, a gear slidable on the driven shaft and constantly in mesh with the gear journaled on the countershaft, said slidable gear on the driven shaft having a clutch adapted to engage the driving shaft.

4. A transmission having'a driving and a coaxial driven shaft, a gear fixedly securedto the driven shaft, a gear slidable on the driven shaft and having a clutch to directly connect the driving and driven shafts, a plurality of countershafts driven from the driving shaft, said countershafts having the same direction of rotation, a third countershaft, and means to effect a geared connection of the driving shaft therewith, said third shaft rotating in'the opposite direction to the other countershafts, and means on each of said countershafts to effect driving engagement with the gears on the driven shaft selectively.

5. A transmission having a driving and a coaxial driven shaft, a gear fixedly secured to the driven-shaft, a gear slidable on the driven shaft and having a clutch to directly connect the driving and driven shaft, a countershaft driven from the driving shaft by a pair of gears, a second countershaft driven from the driving shaft by a second pair of gears, a third countershaft driven from the second countershaft and rotating in the opposite direction to the first named countershafts, and means on all countershafts to effect a driving engagement with the gears on the driven shaft selectively.

6. A transmission having a driving and a co .axial driven shaft, a gear fixedly secured to the driven shaft, a gear slidable on the driven shaft and having a clutch to directly connect the driv- 'ing and driven shaft, a countershaft driven from the driving shaft by a pair of gears, a second countershaft driven by a second pair of driving gears,

a third countershaft driven from the second countershaft and rotating in the opposite direction to the iirst named countershafts, means on all countershafts to eifect a driving engagement with the gears on the driven shaft selectively, and means on the second and third countershafts to provide a drive for the third countershaft.

"I. A transmission having 'a driving and a coaxial driven shaft, a gear fixedly secured to the driven shaft, a gear joumaled on the driven shaft, a gear slidable on the driven shaft and having a clutch to directly connect the driving and driven shaft, said sliding gear having another clutch to connect the jouranled gear to the driven shaft, a countershaft driven from the driving shaft, a gear journaled on the countershaft and engaging the sliding gear on the driven shaft, a gear cluster slidable on the countershaft and comprising a gear adapted to selectively engage the gear secured to the driven shaft and a gear constantly engaging the gear journaled on the driven shaft,

said cluster having a clutch adapted to engage the gear journaled on the countershaft, a second countershaft driven by the driving shaft, gears slidable on the second countershaft and adapted to engage the fixed and sliding gears on the driven shaft selectively, a third countershaft having slidable gears, and means to drive the thirdcountershaft by the second countershaft, the slidable gears on said third countershaft being adapted to engage the fixed and sliding gears on the driven shaft selectively.

8. A transmission having a driving and a coaxial driven shaft, a plurality of gears fixedly secured to the driven shaft, a countershaft driven from the driving shaft by a pair of gears, a second countershaft driven from the countershaft by a second pair of gears, a plurality, of sliding gears on each countershaft, and means to engage each of the gears on the driven, shaft by a gear on each countershaft.

9. A transmission having a driving and a coaxial driven shaft, means to connect the said shafts directly, a counter shaft driven continuously by the driving shaft, at least one of the two last named shafts having a gear iournaled thereon,

additional gears on the. said one shaft, a gear slidable on the other of the two last named shafts engaging the journaled gear, and means movable with the sliding gear and cooperating with the said additional gears for effecting a plurality of speed change connections.

10. A transmission having a driving and a coaxial driven shaft, a gear fixedly secured to the driven shaft, a gear slidable but non-rotatably mounted on the driven shaft, a countershaft driven from the driving shaft, means slidable but non-rotatably mounted on the countershaft to effect engagement of the gears on the driven shaft to be driven by the countershaft selectively, a second countershaft driven from the driving shaft and rotating in the same direction as the first named countershaft, gears slidable but nonrotatably mounted on the second countershaft and provided with means to effect a driving engagement with the gears on the driven shaft, the

sliding gear on the driven shaft having a clutch to connect the driving shaft directly to the driven shaft.

11. A transmission having a driving and a coaxial driven shaft, a gear fixedly secured to the driven shaft, a gear slidable but non-rotatably mounted on the driven shaft and having a clutch to directly connect the driving and driven shafts, a countershaft driven from the driving shaft,

means slidable but non-rotatably mounted on the cauntershaft to eflfect engagement of the gears on the driven shaft to be driven by the countershaft selectively, a second cfiuntershaft driven 6 from the driving shaft and rotating in the same direction as the first named countershaft, gears slidable but non-rotatably mounted on the secand countershatt and provided'with means {to eflect a driving engagement with the gears on the driven shaft, 9. thirdcountershaft driven by the second countershaft, and gears siidable on the third .countershaft to engage the gears on the driven shaft selectively.

- AZQR D. ROBBINS. 

